{"id":966,"date":"2013-11-27T00:21:50","date_gmt":"2013-11-27T08:21:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nsanpsy.com.routing.yourhost.co\/?page_id=966"},"modified":"2017-05-19T04:22:20","modified_gmt":"2017-05-19T11:22:20","slug":"teaching-orgins-of-depth-psychology","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/nsanpsy.com\/publications\/teaching-orgins-of-depth-psychology\/","title":{"rendered":"Teaching Origins of Depth Psychology"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/a>
\n

\nJournal of Analytical Psychology, 2008, 53, 91\u2013100<\/em>

Teaching \u2018origins of depth psychology\u2019: overview and candidate-members\u2019 experience<\/h2><\/span>
<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n
\n
Download PDF<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n
Ladson Hinton, Seattle, USA<\/h5>\n
<\/div>
<\/div>
<\/div>\n

Abstract<\/em>: In 2002 the North Pacific Institute inaugurated a new seminar series on the \u2018origins of depth psychology\u2019 for incoming candidate-members.1<\/sup> This approach emphasized the historical and cultural embeddedness of analytic theory, practice and institutions. The seminar was experienced as enlightening and freeing, as well as sometimes painfully disillusioning. The overall feedback indicated that it fostered an opening of creative space for their education as analysts. This paper2<\/sup> describes the structure, and some of the rationale and process of the seminar. It includes firsthand expressions of the candidate-members\u2019 experiences.<\/p>\n

Keywords<\/em>: embeddedness, candidate-member, immersion, potential space<\/p>\n

1<\/sup>In an attempt to lessen the hierarchical feeling of the term \u2018candidate\u2019, our group has adopted the term \u2018candidate-member\u2019. The acceptance of this term has been varied. Some analyst-members always use it, some sometimes do, and some never do.
\n2<\/sup>This paper was presented at a workshop at the Journal of Analytical Psychology Conference, \u2018Jungian Analytic Training for the 21st Century: New Contexts and New Directions\u2019, McGill University, Montreal, 16th \u2013 18th June 2006.<\/em><\/p>\n

When our analytic training programme re-commenced in 2002 the training committee asked me to organize a ten-week seminar on the \u2018origins of depth psychology\u2019. It was the very first training experience for our new candidate- members.<\/p>\n

It was conceived as an \u2018immersion\u2019 experience. The explicit goals were:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. to develop a sense of the cultural and historical embeddedness of \u2018depth psychology\u2019, and how its theories and practices emerged from their contexts;<\/li>\n
  2. to learn about the evolution of Jungian institutes and training within their larger milieux, including some of the problems and conflicts that arose. An implicit goal was to set a tone of critical inquiry and scholarship that would last through training and beyond.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Such an \u2018immersion\u2019 experience made clear that fallible human beings in their concrete personal, cultural, and historical circumstances created analytic theory and practice. This approach was sometimes threatening. It often broke down idealizations, which was sometimes painful and anxiety-provoking. More importantly from an educational point of view, it opened the way for future learning and the development of individual approaches to analytic thought and practice. Rather than becoming memorizers of \u2018the known\u2019, candidate-members generally felt encouraged to think critically and creatively.<\/p>\n

    My view was (and still is) that the seminar members were mature people, and it was a matter of respect to discuss the significant issues in a frank and open manner. They ranged in age from the forties into the sixties and had many years of clinical experience. Most had had lengthy analyses before entering our training programme. It would have been condescending and infantilizing to \u2018protect\u2019 them from the truth\u2014as best as we can know it\u2014of the origins of depth psychology. As shown by their responses to the seminar, our candidate- members were mature and capable adults, well able to withstand any \u2018traumas\u2019 that arose from encountering some of the problematic origins of the analytic world and its idealized founders.<\/p>\n

    Understanding the vulnerable humanity and embeddedness of these revered figures humanized them and led to a more solid ground for the appreciation of their work. It lessened the tendency toward an unrealistic ego-ideal stemming from over-idealization of our \u2018ancestors\u2019. Such an idealization often invokes a severe superego reaction when we\u2014invariably, in our difficult and uncertain profession\u2014fall far short of the ideal. This is a factor that often haunts institutes and analysts of every persuasion. The sense of relative \u2018failure\u2019 to live up to an unrealistic clinical ideal often leads to chronic guilt and shame, anxiety, envy, and interpersonal conflicts. Lessening the idealization can in turn lessen the oppression of the super-ego (Colman 2006). There are indeed no \u2018pure\u2019 paragons.<\/p>\n

    One could see the goal of education, similar to the goal of analysis, as encour- aging the unveiling of a potential space, a \u2018thirdness\u2019. This involves tolerating un- certainty. One could call the absence of thirdness \u2018a corollary of the individual\u2019s inability to maintain a sense of potential space in their experience of themselves and the world\u2019 (Slavin 2007). Without this potential space one is stuck in a world that is fixed and concrete. The best analysis and the best education foster the opening of such a space where individual agency and creative thought can emerge.<\/p>\n

    The closedness of the analytic world and its frequent avoidance of genuine discourse has led to a tendency toward concreteness and fixedness in the passing on of knowledge. Critical thinking has often been seen as disloyalty to revered elders. That is, analytic training is particularly prone to function as a dependency, basic assumption group (Bion 1961; Colman 2006). In such groups, \u2018members perceive the leader as omnipotent and omniscient and themselves as inadequate, immature and incompetent. They match their idealization of the leader with efforts to extract knowledge, power and goodness from him\u2019 (Kernberg 1998, p. 4).<\/p>\n

    The seminar on \u2018origins of depth psychology\u2019 was to some degree similar to the university model. All of us who have been in the academic world know its drawbacks. However \u2018at their best

    <\/div><\/div><\/div>
    [the university] represents the pinnacle of Western, humanistic endeavors, the broad quest for the advancement of human knowledge regardless of disciplinary boundaries and at the risk of challenging the comfortable and the known\u2019 (Slavin 2007).<\/p>\n

    The readings for the seminar included Ellenberger\u2019s Discovery of the Uncon- scious (1970); Freud: Darkness in the Midst of Vision by Breger (2000); Jung and the Making of Modern Psychology by Shamdasani (2003); and Kirsch\u2019s The Jungians (2000). Acquaintance with Memories, Dreams, Reflections (Jung 1963) and one major biography of Jung was required. Articles by K. Eisold and D. Kirsner on the vicissitudes of analytic institutes were provided, as well as many others that added to the general background. Seminar participants took turns in presenting the material, and a paper was required at the end of the series.<\/p>\n

    My introductory lecture was intended to set the tone and frame the series, and in order to convey the atmosphere I will describe the seminar process in some detail.<\/p>\n

    First I brought in a round mirror about three feet (a metre) in diameter and sat it on the floor at the centre of our circled chairs in the seminar room. Then I placed a wine cork in the middle of the mirror and asked the question, \u2018How does this cork get to know itself?\u2019 Eventually I added several other corks of different colours and posed the same question.<\/p>\n

    As you might imagine, there was an initial silence with some puzzled looks. The sense of the mirror\u2019s power predominated at first. It felt a bit uncanny. They soon began to play with it as a metaphorical display of the culture and history into which we are all originally \u2018thrown\u2019. They said such things as, \u2018Then, do we become what we see in the mirror, what\u2019s mirrored back to us?\u2019 \u2018Do we imitate our reflections?\u2019 \u2018It feels like we\u2019re prisoners of our reflections!\u2019<\/p>\n

    This eventuated in wondering whether we can know anything except in terms of what we see in the mirror. Does this context determine how we see ourselves as well as others? Is the individual ever \u2018free\u2019 from a context? \u2018How does the self emerge out of this. . .or is it already there?\u2019<\/p>\n

    The image of embeddedness with its mind-boggling questions set a tone that stuck with the participants over time. \u2018Embeddedness\u2019 became a leitmotif for the seminar.<\/p>\n

    Following upon the mirror example, I provided some perspectives on the study of history and culture. For instance:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. (Jung 1946, paras. 340-42). In CW 8, The Structure and Dynamics of the Psyche, Jung expressed how difficult it is to detect the philosophical assumptions of one\u2019s own time: \u2018We must ask ourselves how the spirit of an age gains such uncanny power. . . it is. . .a prejudice so deeply rooted that until we give it proper consideration we cannot even approach the problem of the [individual] psyche. . . It is an ethnopsychological problem, and as such
      \ncannot be treated in terms of individual (my italics) consciousness. . .\u2019<\/li>\n
    2. (Greenberg 2001): \u2018For better or worse, ours is not a discipline in which new discoveries are likely to be made. . . Every one of our major themes has been explored and written about for over two thousand years. . . When we see ourselves as knowing something never known before, we run the risk of cutting ourselves off from our history, both the hundred-year history of
      \npsychoanalysis and the larger history of discourse in the humanities\u2019.<\/li>\n
    3. (Bakhtin 1986, p. 146): \u2018There can be neither a first nor a last meaning; [anything that can be understood] always exists among other meanings as a link in the chain of meaning, which in its totality is the only thing that can be real. In historical life this chain continues infinitely, and therefore each link in it is renewed again and again, as though it were being reborn\u2019.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      After this introductory material, I proceeded to a more specific study of history and historiography by discussing the evolution of \u2018modernity\u2019 over the last 400 years, along with the emergence of late modernity or the \u2018post-modern\u2019. Steven Toulmin\u2019s book Cosmopolis (1990) was the main source in describing the transition from the \u2018pre-modern\u2019, to the \u2018modern\u2019, to the \u2018post-modern\u2019.<\/p>\n

      According to Toulmin, Renaissance modernity emerged during the late 1400s to the early 1600s, which he also terms the pre-modern. An urbane open- mindedness and sceptical tolerance were novel features of a new lay culture. Human modesty alone, they argued, should teach us the limitations of our ability to reach unquestioned \u2018truth\u2019 or unqualified \u2018certainty\u2019. Influenced by Aristotle, theoretical issues were balanced by attention to practice and context.<\/p>\n

      In the first half of the17th Century, the Thirty Years War, a little ice age in Europe, and an economic depression following the end of Spain\u2019s plunder of its American colonies contributed to deepened cultural anxiety. Toulmin\u2019s view is that, in response to this situation, a \u2018counter-renaissance\u2019 ensued, which gave birth to what we know as \u2018modernity\u2019.<\/p>\n

      Attitudes changed in important ways with the emergence of modernity. Most especially there was an increasing quest for \u2018certainty\u2019. Descartes was the symbolic figure of this search. Formal, logical truth became more valued than the embodied process of argument. There was a flight into the universal, and away from the particular. Emotion was increasingly seen as a lesser thing, a distraction from \u2018truth\u2019. Such views are parts of the mirror we have inherited, and they still prejudice our theories and practices (Scott 1998).<\/p>\n

      In our own time, factors such as the shocks of World Wars and genocide provoked a shift in the zeitgeist that Toulmin termed the \u2018late modern\u2019 or \u2018post- modern\u2019. It encompassed a spirit of scepticism about human perfection and a renewed emphasis on embodied contextuality. One could see this as a partial return to something resembling the pre-modern or renaissance modernity. There was a re-emphasis on discursive thought, on phenomenology, on particulars and \u2018local knowledge\u2019, and a stress on ethics and practice in philosophy. Last but not least \u2018depth psychology\u2019 emerged, with its emphasis on emotions and the non-rational.<\/p>\n

      This perspective helped candidate-members understand some of the conflicts between the modern and post-modern in contemporary analytical psychology. For instance, Jung searched for the certainty of a scientific psychology on the one hand, but on the other was all too aware of the limitations imposed by the \u2018personal equation\u2019 (Shamdasani 2003, pp. 30\u201331; pp. 75\u201377). This has been reflected in many of the theoretical issues discussed in the Journal of Analytical Psychology; for instance, the archetype as a timeless essence, as a \u2018thing in itself\u2019, versus the archetype as an emergent entity that is culturally and biologically embedded. Now when candidate-members read such articles they better understand the background and context of such issues.<\/p>\n

      I concluded my introductory lecture by repeating the questions that we might ponder during the course of the seminar: If all theories have their personal- historical-cultural biases, what does this say about all of our theorizing? What claims to \u2018truth\u2019 can we make? In what unconscious waters of history do we now swim? And how does the specific history of depth psychology affect us now, as reflected in our analytic institutions; how do we live it, and how does it live us?<\/p>\n

      We went on to study Henri Ellenberger\u2019s Discovery of the Unconscious. The candidate-members responded very positively to the book\u2019s richness of context and balanced perspective, as well as the author\u2019s concept of \u2018creative illness\u2019. He portrayed depth psychology as originating in the personal emotional crises of its progenitors, and as the manifestation of their search for self- healing and meaning. Beginning with early shamanic practice, and continuing through hypnosis and the evolution of psychoanalysis, it is an \u2018alive\u2019 history, and provoked much animated discussion. The candidate-members were often excited to find, for instance, some of the similarities between Mesmer\u2019s practices and some theories and practices today, and the social context of hypnosis and the role of hypnosis in analytical theorizing.3<\/sup> The degree to which Freud and Jung\u2019s ideas were already present in the intellectual culture of their times was often striking to them, as well as the often unappreciated influence of Pierre Janet.<\/p>\n

      3<\/sup>For instance, Mesmer\u2019s emphasis on the doctor\u2019s \u2018animal magnetism\u2019 vis a` vis the patient was an early version of transference; the belief in a \u2018universal fluid\u2019 that needed to be \u2018balanced\u2019 is similar to psychic energy and its emotional regulation; his observations about the interpenetrations of a \u2018universal fluid\u2019 presaged ideas such as projective identification. In addition, the hypnotists were generally of a higher social class than their patients (Ellenberger 1970, pp. 56-64).<\/em><\/p>\n

      After the three Ellenberger seminars I invited several senior psychoanalysts to discuss their own traditions. During the seminar the guest analyst spent two meetings discussing Louis Breger\u2019s thoughtful biography of Freud, which included a balanced perspective on Jung and the psychoanalytic movement. This approach was universally well received, especially by those who had never before encountered a \u2018real, live\u2019 psychoanalyst! The guest analysts have consistently enjoyed the experience, and it has helped nurture our local ecumenical spirit.4<\/sup> It provided new and different perspectives, and was a living encounter with the broader culture of the world of analysis. No longer was the psychoanalytic other so \u2018other\u2019.<\/p>\n

      4<\/sup>On both the trainee and analyst levels, there has been a great deal of interaction between our own institute and the three psychoanalytic institutes in Seattle. For instance during the period of the \u2018origins\u2019 seminar there was an ongoing monthly colloquium attended by many analysts and candidate-members of all the institutes. Clinical presentations were rotated between the institutes. In fact, our own seminars are still held in space rented to us by the local Object Relations institute. This ecumenical atmosphere has helped decrease mutual suspicion and projection.<\/em><\/p>\n

      We spent at least two seminar sessions on Shamdasani\u2019s book, Jung and the Making of Modern Psychology. The participants rotated with presentations to begin the meetings. Shamdasani\u2019s book, although difficult for some because of its intellectual detail and density, was a fruitful vehicle for understanding the contexts and development of Jung\u2019s ideas. They often mentioned using it as a valuable, continuing resource.<\/p>\n

      For the last session we read parts of Thomas Kirsch\u2019s book on the history of the major institutes, and discussed how our local group fitted into that context. Using the work of Eisold and Kirsner, we concluded by discussing the history of conflicts within institutes that have sometimes led to various splits and feuds. This is all by way of helping these new candidate-members learn their own place in the culture of analytical psychology, in its problems as well as its glories. This was sometimes a bit of a shock! They began to understand that such conflicts have their roots in the specific history of psychoanalysis, as well as in a broader cultural and intellectual history. The various modern and post-modern perspectives they saw in analytical psychology were now seen as attempts to resolve, transcend, or at least clarify some of these issues.<\/p>\n

      The new candidate-members were accepted in mid-summer and I sent them the syllabus and reading assignments a couple of weeks after that, so that they could begin their studies. There were mild complaints about the demands of the reading, but on the whole they responded to the challenge with enthusiasm.<\/p>\n

      The majority eventually tended to view the seminar as having been a useful, even essential, foundation and perspective for their education as analysts. Negative reactions were mostly about the traumatic effect of the seminar on previous idealizations of Jung and of the organizations and culture of analytical psychology. At times a lot of patient, non-reactive containment on the part of the seminar leader was required.<\/p>\n

      The expectations and mindsets of the candidate-members varied widely. I recently asked for feedback from the eleven seminar participants from two and four years ago. Interestingly\u2014and I think significantly\u2014there was a 100% response to my request.5<\/sup> A sampling of their comments will give you a better sense of their learning experience than anything I could say.<\/p>\n

      5<\/sup>Seminar leaders do not give formal or informal reports on candidate-members to the Training Committee, so the responses were not attributable to meeting a requirement or fearing a negative evaluation. A positive transference to me as a seminar leader with certain values was certainly part of the picture, and one shouldn\u2019t underestimate the desire to retain the good opinion of a senior analyst. However, my basic evaluation is that the seminar continued to be creatively psychoactive more than four years after completion, and I see that as a very positive result.<\/em><\/p>\n

      One person wrote:<\/p>\n

      I thought that that seminar was pivotal in my training, giving the entirety of my training thus far a context in which to place Jung and his analytical psychology. Ellenberger\u2019s was a horrendously long book, but worth every minute we gave to it… I would recommend that every training programme \u2018endure\u2019 such a gruelling first initiatory experience, because without it Jung exists as a man\u2014or worse a concept\u2014out of time and place.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

      Another:<\/p>\n

      Beginning analytic training with \u2018Origins of Depth Psychology\u2019 provided an internal structure like a backbone\u2014a framework…I have benefited from this foundation not only in understanding the development of the ideas of these pioneers, but it has also provided me with a context within which to organize my own personal development. . .<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

      Another:<\/p>\n

      This was a masterful strategy of debunking the religion of Jung and of throwing me into a contained psychotic void from which I have…only more questions. I would entitle this stage of my training as . . .\u2018Training as the death bearing stranger!\u2019 [However]. . . In the course of my training. . . my artistic endeavours have become more prolific and I want to write more. Was that your intention by grounding us in the sacred cesspool of our historic Ganges?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

      Another:<\/p>\n

      What I recall is the mirror and the corks that emphasized its characteristics. It has remained with me as a metaphor. It has reminded me of the mind that sees through a glass darkly and never what is really there.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

      Another:<\/p>\n

      In summary I would say it was a most painful seminar for [me] as it cut into my desire for certainty [regarding] Jungian Psychology and Jung as the. . . [wisest] one we could emulate. I knew intellectually this was not true. . . yet [I had] my shadow side of wanting to . . . arrive in this world and. . . be perfect. . . to assist the world to be perfect back. . . [I called] this seminar. . .\u2018The debunking of Jung\u2019 at a time when I felt I had given my life and blood to learn at his feet. . . four years later I can deeply say thank you for challenging me from the word go to live with the ambiguity of the uncertainty of training programmes, analytic process, the world at large, and most of all being human myself.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

      Finally:<\/p>\n

      The history seminar laid the groundwork for our studies. You are able to see the ongoing dialogue and better grasp your own place in the dialogue. It gives you permission to be yourself. It\u2019s too easy to get into a cult mentality if you don\u2019t see the embeddedness of your own organization.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

      Conclusion<\/h4><\/span>
      <\/div><\/div><\/div>\n

      Both from the feedback and my own impressions, I concluded that the seminar achieved its goals and laid a solid ground for future studies. It set a tone of scholarship and critical questioning that encouraged creativity and fostered a fair amount of personal evolution. It was clearly not pain-free! The seminar process provoked significant anxiety in some, and there were elements of loss and grief and sometimes anger. However, traversing the gaps and voids seemed to open the way for a space of deepened learning and creativity.<\/p>\n

      My Seattle colleagues have been very supportive of this approach. Some have advocated that the seminar be given later in training, but in my opinion providing such an initial context was not only worthwhile but also essential. It helped open a space for thought and imagination, and encouraged an attitude of honesty and openness. It respected the integrity and maturity of the candidate- members. After teaching it twice, I couldn\u2019t imagine beginning training without such an immersion in our origins.<\/p>\n

      Download PDF<\/span><\/a><\/div>
      Back to Top<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
      <\/div>
      <\/div>
      <\/div>\n
      References<\/h6><\/span>
      <\/div><\/div><\/div>\n

      Bakhtin, M. M. (1986). \u2018From notes made in 1970-71\u2019. In Speech Genres and Other Late Essays. Austin: University of Texas Press.<\/p>\n

      Berman, E. (2004). Impossible Training: A Relational View of Psychoanalytic Education. Hillsdale, NJ: The Analytic Press.<\/p>\n

      Bion, W. R. (1961). Experiences in Groups. London: Tavistock.<\/p>\n

      Breger, L. (2000). Freud: Darkness in the Midst of Vision. New York: John Wiley.<\/p>\n

      Colman, W. (2006). \u2018The analytic super-ego\u2019. Journal of the British Association of Psychotherapists, 44, 2, 1\u201316.<\/p>\n

      Eisold, K. (2002). \u2018Jung, Jungians and psychoanalysis\u2019. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 19, 3, 501\u201324.
      \n\u2014\u2013 (2001). \u2018Institutional conflicts in Jungian analysis\u2019. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 46, 3, 335\u201353.<\/p>\n

      Ellenberger, H. F. (1970). The Discovery of the Unconscious: The History and Evolution of Dynamic Psychiatry. New York: Basic Books.<\/p>\n

      Greenberg, J. (2001). \u2018The analyst\u2019s participation: A new look\u2019. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 49, 359\u201381.<\/p>\n

      Jung, C. G. (1946). The Structure and Dynamics of the Psyche. CW 8.
      \n\u2014\u2014 (1963). Memories, Dreams, Reflections. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.<\/p>\n

      Kernberg, O. F. (1998). Ideology, Conflict, and Leadership in Groups and Organizations. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.<\/p>\n

      Kirsch, T. B. (2000). The Jungians. New York: Routledge.<\/p>\n

      Kirsner, D. (2001). \u2018The future of psychoanalytic institutes\u2019. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 18, 2, 195\u2013212.Scott, J. C. (1998). Thinking Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed. New Haven: Yale University Press.<\/p>\n

      Shamdasani, S. (2003). Jung and the Making of Modern Psychology: The Dream of a Science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.<\/p>\n

      Slavin, J. H. (2007). \u2018Psychoanalytic training: the absence of thirdness; a review of Impossible Training: A Relational View of Psychoanalytic Education by Emanuel Berman\u2019. Psychoanalytic Dialogues, 17, 4, 595\u2013609.<\/p>\n

      Toulmin, S. (1990). Cosmopolis. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n

      Zeddies, T. J. (2002). \u2018Behind, beneath, above and beyond: the historical unconscious\u2019. Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, 30, 2, 211\u201341.<\/p>\n

      <\/div>
      \n

      0021\u20138774\/2008\/5301\/91<\/small><\/p>\n

      <\/div><\/div><\/div>\n
      <\/div><\/div><\/div>
      \n

      \u00a9 2008, The Society of Analytical Psychology<\/small><\/p>\n

      <\/div><\/div><\/div>\n

      Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK and 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148, USA.<\/small><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"parent":49,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"full-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nsanpsy.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/966"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nsanpsy.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nsanpsy.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nsanpsy.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nsanpsy.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=966"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nsanpsy.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/966\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nsanpsy.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/49"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nsanpsy.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=966"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}